Level AAWCAG 2.0

1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)

The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1.

Last reviewed: September 9, 2026

Understanding 1.4.3

The intent of this Success Criterion is to provide enough contrast between text and its background so that it can be read by people with moderately low vision (who do not use contrast-enhancing assistive technology). For people without color deficiencies, hue and saturation have minimal or no effect on legibility as assessed by reading performance.

How to Meet It

Use a contrast checking tool to ensure that standard text (under 18pt regular or 14pt bold) has a 4.5:1 contrast ratio against its background. Large text requires a 3:1 ratio. Incidental text (like inactive buttons) has no requirement.

Code Examples

INCORRECT

.button { background: #3498db; color: #ffffff; } /* Ratio is 2.9:1 (Fails AA) */

CORRECT

.button { background: #1b6090; color: #ffffff; } /* Ratio is 5.5:1 (Passes AA) */

Frequently Asked Questions

Does contrast apply to placeholder text?

Yes, placeholder text inside an input field must meet the 4.5:1 contrast ratio. However, because highly contrasting placeholder text can be mistaken for pre-filled data, it is generally recommended to use visible labels outside the input instead.

What is considered 'large scale text'?

WCAG defines large scale text as at least 18 point (typically 24px) or 14 point (typically 18.66px) and bold.

Related Success Criteria

1.4.1 Use of Color 1.4.2 Audio Control 1.4.4 Resize Text 1.4.5 Images of Text

Quick Facts

Criterion1.4.3
LevelAA
IntroducedWCAG 2.0

Automate Compliance

AccessiSight automatically scans and identifies 1.4.3 issues in your codebase.

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