Level AAAWCAG 2.0

1.2.8 Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

An alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and prerecorded video-only media.

Last reviewed: September 9, 2026

Understanding 1.2.8

This AAA criterion goes beyond captions and audio description by requiring a full text alternative (a complete transcript describing dialogue, speaker identity, and all meaningful visual information) for prerecorded video. This benefits users who are both deaf and blind (who rely on refreshable Braille displays), as well as anyone who prefers to read content rather than watch or listen to it, or who is on a low-bandwidth connection.

How to Meet It

Produce a single, complete text document per video that combines the dialogue transcript with descriptions of the important visual content and scene changes, in reading order. Publish this alongside the video (e.g., as a linked page) so it can be consumed independently of the media player.

Code Examples

INCORRECT

<video src="annual-report.mp4" controls></video>

CORRECT

<video src="annual-report.mp4" controls></video>
<p><a href="/media-alternatives/annual-report-full-text.html">Full text alternative (transcript + visual description)</a></p>

Frequently Asked Questions

Isn't this the same as the transcript option allowed in 1.2.3?

They're similar in form, but 1.2.8 applies to ALL prerecorded synchronized media (not just as an alternative choice) and is a stricter AAA-level requirement, whereas 1.2.3's transcript option is an either/or choice at Level A.

Related Success Criteria

1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded)1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)1.2.4 Captions (Live)

Quick Facts

Criterion1.2.8
LevelAAA
IntroducedWCAG 2.0

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