1.2.9 Audio-only (Live)

An alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information is provided for live audio-only content.

Last reviewed: September 9, 2026

Understanding 1.2.9

This AAA criterion extends the transcript requirement of 1.2.1 to live audio, such as a live radio broadcast or a live-streamed audio call-in show, so that deaf and hard-of-hearing users can follow live audio-only events, not just prerecorded ones. Because the content is live, the text alternative typically must be produced in near real time.

How to Meet It

Use a live transcription service or real-time captioner to produce a live text stream of the audio-only broadcast, and make it available to listeners as the broadcast happens (e.g., a live-updating text panel alongside the stream).

Frequently Asked Questions

Does the transcript need to be perfectly real-time, word for word?

It needs to present equivalent information as the broadcast unfolds; a short delay to allow for accurate live transcription is acceptable, but it shouldn't be so delayed that it becomes a same-day summary rather than a live feed.

Related Success Criteria

1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded)1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)1.2.4 Captions (Live)

Quick Facts

Criterion1.2.9
LevelAAA
IntroducedWCAG 2.0

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