WCAG 2.2
Complete Guide

All non-text content presented to the user has a text alternative that serves the equivalent purpose.

An alternative is provided for prerecorded audio-only and video-only content.

Captions are provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.

An alternative for time-based media or audio description of the prerecorded video is provided.

Captions are provided for all live audio content in synchronized media.

Audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.

Sign language interpretation is provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.

Extended audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.

An alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and prerecorded video-only media.

An alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information is provided for live audio-only content.

Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text.

If the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a correct reading sequence can be programmatically determined.

Instructions for understanding and operating content do not rely solely on sensory characteristics such as shape, color, size, visual location, orientation, or sound.

Content does not restrict its view and operation to a single display orientation, such as portrait or landscape.

The purpose of each input field that collects information about the user can be programmatically determined.

The purpose of UI components, icons, and regions can be programmatically determined.

Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element.

A mechanism is available to pause, stop, or control the volume of audio that plays automatically for more than 3 seconds.

Text and images of text have a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 (3:1 for large text at 18pt/14pt bold).

Text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent without loss of content or functionality.

Images of text are only used for pure decoration or where a particular presentation is essential.

Text and images of text have a contrast ratio of at least 7:1 (4.5:1 for large text).

Audio that is primarily speech has no or low background noise.

Foreground and background colors can be selected, width is no more than 80 characters, text is not justified, line spacing is at least 1.5x.

Images of text are only used for pure decoration.

Content can be presented without loss of information or functionality, and without requiring scrolling in two dimensions at 400% zoom.

The visual presentation of UI components and graphical objects has a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against adjacent color(s).

No loss of content or functionality when letter spacing, word spacing, line height, and spacing after paragraphs are adjusted.

Content that appears on hover or focus is dismissable, hoverable, and persistent.

All functionality is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes.

If focus can be moved to a component using the keyboard, focus can be moved away without requiring more than unmodified arrow or Tab keys.

All functionality is operable through a keyboard interface.

Single character key shortcuts can be turned off, remapped, or deactivated when a component is focused.

For each time limit set by the content, the user can turn off, adjust, or extend the time limit.

Moving, blinking, scrolling, or auto-updating information can be paused, stopped, or hidden.

Timing is not an essential part of the event or activity.

Interruptions can be postponed or suppressed by the user.

When an authenticated session expires, the user can continue the activity without loss of data after re-authenticating.

Users are warned of the duration of any user inactivity that could cause data loss.

Content does not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period.

Content does not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period.

Motion animation triggered by interaction can be disabled.

A mechanism is available to bypass blocks of content repeated on multiple Web pages (e.g., skip links).

Web pages have titles that describe topic or purpose.

Focus traversal sequence preserves meaning and operability.

The purpose of each link can be determined from the link text alone or from the link text together with programmatically determined link context.

More than one way is available to locate a Web page within a set of Web pages.

Headings and labels describe topic or purpose.

Any keyboard operable user interface has a mode of operation where the keyboard focus indicator is visible.

Information about the user's location within a set of Web pages is available.

A mechanism is available to allow the purpose of each link to be identified from link text alone.

Section headings are used to organize the content.

When a user interface component receives keyboard focus, the component is not entirely hidden due to author-created content. (New in WCAG 2.2)

When a user interface component receives keyboard focus, no part of the component is hidden due to author-created content. (New in WCAG 2.2)

The keyboard focus indicator has sufficient size and contrast. Minimum: 2 CSS pixel perimeter with 3:1 contrast ratio. (New in WCAG 2.2)

All functionality that uses multipoint or path-based gestures can be operated with a single pointer.

For functionality that can be operated using a single pointer, at least one of the following is true: no down-event, abort/undo, or up reversal.

For user interface components with labels that include text, the name contains the text that is presented visually.

Functionality operated by device or user motion can also be operated by UI components and responding to motion can be disabled.

The size of the target for pointer inputs is at least 44 by 44 CSS pixels.

Content does not restrict use of input modalities available on a platform.

All functionality that uses dragging movements can be achieved with a single pointer without dragging. (New in WCAG 2.2)

The size of the target for pointer inputs is at least 24 by 24 CSS pixels, with exceptions. (New in WCAG 2.2)

The default human language of each Web page can be programmatically determined.

The human language of each passage or phrase in the content can be programmatically determined.

A mechanism is available for identifying specific definitions of words used in an unusual or restricted way.

A mechanism for identifying the expanded form or meaning of abbreviations is available.

Content requires no more than lower secondary education reading ability (supplemental content available if more complex).

A mechanism is available for identifying the pronunciation of words where meaning is ambiguous without knowing pronunciation.

Receiving focus does not initiate a change of context.

Changing the setting of any user interface component does not automatically cause a change of context.

Navigational mechanisms repeated on multiple pages occur in the same relative order.

Components with the same functionality are identified consistently.

Changes of context are initiated only by user request or a mechanism is available to turn off such changes.

Help mechanisms that are repeated on multiple Web pages occur in the same relative order. (New in WCAG 2.2)

If an input error is automatically detected, the item that is in error is identified and the error is described to the user in text.

Labels or instructions are provided when content requires user input.

If an input error is automatically detected and suggestions for correction are known, then the suggestion is provided to the user.

Submissions are reversible, checked, or confirmed before final submission.

Context-sensitive help is available.

All submissions are reversible, checked, or confirmed before final submission.

Information previously entered by or provided to the user that is required to be entered again is either auto-populated or available for the user to select. (New in WCAG 2.2)

A cognitive function test is not required for authentication unless an alternative is available. (New in WCAG 2.2)

A cognitive function test is not required for any step in an authentication process. (New in WCAG 2.2)

In content implemented using markup languages, elements have complete start and end tags, elements are nested according to their specifications, elements do not contain duplicate attributes, and any IDs are unique. (Obsolete in WCAG 2.2: removed from conformance requirement)

For all user interface components, the name and role can be programmatically determined; states, properties, and values can be set programmatically; and changes are notified to assistive technologies.

Status messages can be programmatically determined through role or properties so they can be announced by assistive technologies without receiving focus.